Unit Model Paper — Biology HSSC–II — Unit 1 Digestive System of Man

Unit Model Paper — Biology HSSC–II — Unit 1 Digestive System of Man — Athens Academy Islamabad

BIOLOGY HSSC–II

UNIT 1 — DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF MAN · MODEL QUESTION PAPER · EXAM 2027

Questions drawn from the Athens Academy Islamabad Unit 1 study notes

Time allowed: 2:35 Hours

Total Marks Sections B and C: 68

Every question is from Unit 1 (Digestive System of Man) only. Where an OR choice is offered, both alternatives are also from Unit 1.

SECTION – A (Marks 17)

Q. 1 Multiple Choice Questions

Time: 25 minutes · (17 × 1 = 17)

Note: Section A is compulsory. All parts are to be answered on the separately provided OMR Answer Sheet, which must be completed within the first 25 minutes and handed over to the Centre Superintendent. Do not use lead pencil. Choose the correct answer A / B / C / D by filling the relevant bubble; each part carries one mark.

Section A is practised on the Athens Academy Islamabad portal

The 17 compulsory MCQs for this unit are delivered and marked instantly on the portal — use the Unit 1 MCQ Bank, Unit 1 Online Quiz and Unit 1 Flashcards. Aim for 15/17 three times in a row before sitting this paper.

SECTION – B (Marks 42)

Q. 2 Answer the following questions briefly.

14 x 3 = 42

(i)

Differentiate between the gastrointestinal tract and the accessory digestive organs, giving two examples of each.

What is mechanical digestion? How does chewing food increase the efficiency of digestion?

1+2

(ii)

Name the two enzymes secreted in the oral cavity and state what each one acts on.

Describe peristalsis. How does the muscle behave behind and ahead of the bolus?

2+1

(iii)

Describe the process of swallowing. Which phase is voluntary, and how is food prevented from entering the trachea?

1+2

Name and write the function of the epithelial cells of the stomach. (Any three)

(iv)

Give one reason why some enzymes of the stomach and intestine are secreted in an inactive form. Illustrate with pepsinogen.

2+1

Name the enzymes involved in protein digestion along the gut, and where each acts.

(v)

How would no secretion of HCl in the stomach affect food digestion? State any two effects.

How does the stomach protect itself from the damaging effect of its own hydrochloric acid?

(vi)

Why are there villi in the intestine but not in the stomach? Relate the structure to its function.

Trypsin acts at an alkaline pH. What provides this alkalinity, and why is it necessary?

2+1

(vii)

What would happen to the activity of the intestinal enzymes if the pH of the small intestine remained at 2? Justify.

How does the absorption of fat differ from the absorption of glucose in a villus?

(viii)

Bile contains no digestive enzymes, yet it is important for digestion. Explain why.

What is the role of the hormone gastrin in digestion?

(ix)

What is the role of the hormone secretin in digestion?

Describe the storage role of the liver. Name any three things it stores.

(x)

Describe the defaecation reflex in infants and how it differs from that in adults.

1.5+1.5

What is the gall bladder? Write its function.

1+2

(xi)

Describe the major actions carried out on food in the three regions of the small intestine.

Outline the structure of the pancreas and name its four regions.

(xii)

Write the differences between:

pharynx and larynx
pepsinogen and pepsin

1.5+1.5

Explain the exocrine function of the pancreas. Why are its proteolytic enzymes secreted inactive?

2+1

(xiii)

Complete the table by naming the enzyme:

	Acts on → product	Enzyme
a	Lactose → glucose + galactose
b	Maltose → glucose
c	Sucrose → glucose + fructose

1x3

Correlate secretin and cholecystokinin (CCK) with their triggers and effects on bile and pancreatic juice.

(xiv)

Name the constituents of bile and relate any two constituents to their respective roles.

1+2

Describe the parts of the large intestine and state any two of its functions.

1+2

SECTION – C (Marks 26)

Note: Attempt the following questions.

Q.3

Identify the labelled parts A, B, C and D of the stomach and correlate each with mechanical or chemical digestion.

2+4

Describe the human stomach: its four divisions and the three muscle layers of its wall, and relate them to mechanical digestion. Draw a labelled diagram.

4+2

Q.4

Explain the structure of the human small intestine and the absorption of digested products from the lumen to the blood capillaries and lacteals of the villi. Draw a labelled villus.

3+4

Describe the large intestine of man. What are the functions of the large intestine?

3+4

Q.5

What is bile? Describe the composition of bile and the role of its constituents. How is the secretion of bile related to the hormone secretin?

1+3+2

Write the functions of the liver of man, grouped under storage, metabolism and detoxification.

Q.6

What is the structure of the pancreas? Explain the function of the pancreas as an exocrine gland.

2+4

Explain the role of the nervous system and the hormone gastrin in the secretion of gastric juice.

—— (B) ——

BOARD PAPER PATTERN

Section	Structure printed	Attempt	Marks
A	17 MCQs × 1 mark	All — compulsory, on OMR sheet in first 25 min	17
B	Q.2, 14 parts × 3 marks, each with an OR choice	All 14 parts, one option each	42
C	Q.3–Q.6, 4 questions, each with an OR choice	All 4 questions, one option each	26
Total	Theory paper	Time: 25 min + 2:35 hours	85

Cognitive split across the paper is approximately 30% knowledge, 50% understanding and 20% application. In Section C, questions asking for a labelled diagram award marks for the drawing separately from the description.

Practical assessment (15 marks, through PBA) is recorded separately and does not form part of this theory paper.

Athens Academy Islamabad

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