Physics · Grade 10

Unit 10 — Heat Capacity and Modes of Heat Transfer

FBISE · Exam March 2027 · Total Marks: 65

PART A

Multiple Choice Questions

12 marks

Prepared on the portal — not printed here

How to prepare Part A

Unit 10 MCQs — full chapter bank: specific-heat values, the three modes, radiation surfaces, greenhouse gases, Earth's layers
Online Quiz — timed self-test against the clock
Flashcards — the six examinable definitions, the specific-heat table and the four radiation factors

Board weighting — Section A carries 12 compulsory MCQs of 1 mark each, attempted on the answer sheet in about 20 minutes.

PART B

Short Questions

3 marks each

The eight highest-yield short questions from Unit 10 — every one has board history

★1	Define specific heat capacity. Write its formula in symbols and state the SI unit of every symbol you use.	PHY-10-10.1
★2	Karachi rarely rises above 32 °C in summer while Multan reaches 48 °C. Explain this difference in terms of specific heat capacity.	PHY-10-10.2
★3	Water is used as the coolant in a car radiator rather than an equal mass of ethanol. Justify this choice using $c_{\text{water}} = 4190$ and $c_{\text{ethanol}} = 2450\ \text{J kg}^{-1}\text{K}^{-1}$ .	PHY-10-10.2
★4	Distinguish between conduction and convection on any three grounds.	PHY-10-10.3
★5	A metal door handle feels colder than the wooden door beside it, although both are at room temperature. Explain why.	PHY-10-10.3
★6	A room heater is placed near the floor while an air-conditioner is fitted near the ceiling. Explain both placements using convection currents.	PHY-10-10.4
★7	A student claims that a matt black surface is a good absorber but a poor emitter. Correct this statement and support your correction with the Leslie cube result.	PHY-10-10.5
★8	Define the greenhouse effect. Name any three greenhouse gases and state one benefit of the effect for life on Earth.	PHY-10-10.7

Board weighting — the short-response questions are split across Sections B and C for panel marking: Section B offers 8 of which any 6 are attempted (18 marks), Section C offers 7 of which any 5 are attempted (15 marks). Total 33 marks.

PART C

Long Questions

10 marks each

The three questions this unit is most likely to be examined through

★ Q1. Specific heat capacity and the method of mixtures [10]

(a) Define specific heat capacity, obtain the working relation

Q = mc\Delta T

from your definition, and state the SI unit of each symbol. [4] (b) A solid of mass 200 g is heated to 100 °C and dropped into 300 g of water at 20 °C held in a calorimeter of mass 50 g. The mixture settles at 25 °C. Taking

c_{\text{water}} = 4.19

and

c_{\text{calorimeter}} = 0.9\ \text{J g}^{-1}\,^\circ\text{C}^{-1}

, calculate the specific heat capacity of the solid. [6]

PHY-10-10.1

★ Q2. Convection currents in the atmosphere [10]

(a) Explain the mechanism of convection in four steps and state why it cannot occur in solids. [4] (b) With a neat labelled diagram in each case, explain the formation of the sea breeze along the Makran coast during the day and the land breeze at night. Make clear which body has the higher specific heat capacity and how this governs the direction of the breeze. [6]

PHY-10-10.4

★ Q3. Radiation and the control of heat transfer [10]

(a) Define radiation and state the four factors that affect the rate at which a surface radiates heat, with one everyday example for each. [4] (b) Draw a labelled sectional diagram of a vacuum flask and explain how each feature blocks conduction, convection and radiation. Hence explain why white-painted roofs are common on houses in Karachi. [6]

PHY-10-10.5

PART D

Board Marking Pattern

How the actual FBISE SSC-II Physics paper is structured and marked

Section	Attempt	Marks
A — MCQs on portal	All 12, compulsory	12
B — Short questions	Any 6 of 8 × 3	18
C — Short questions	Any 5 of 7 × 3	15
D — Long questions	Any 2 of 3 × 10	20
Total — theory	—	65

Sections B and C are both short-response, split only to allow panel marking — B is drawn from earlier chapters and C from later ones. Cognitive mix across every section: roughly 30% knowledge, 50% understanding, 20% application.

Exam tip. Sections B, C and D all give you a choice. Before you write a single word, read every optional question in the section and decide which ones you will answer. Students lose marks every year by starting at the first printed question out of habit, then running out of time on a question they could have skipped. Choose first, then write.

Note on pattern — FBISE has announced a restructuring introducing 50% MCQs, notified for SSC-I. No corresponding notification has been issued for SSC-II. This paper therefore follows the current confirmed SSC-II pattern above. Confirm against the official FBISE notification before the examination session.

📃 Chapter 10 · Heat Capacity and Modes of Heat Transfer — Chapter Model Paper

Chapter 10: Heat Capacity and Modes of Heat Transfer Model Paper